Unit 4 What would you do?
Key points
（No. 9 Middle School Shen Yeping）
重点语法：虚拟语气
1、概念：虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望和假想虚拟的情况或与现在事实相反的假设。
2、在条件句中的应用：条件句分为两种情况，即真实条件句和虚拟条件句。只有在虚拟（非真实）条件句中，才用虚拟语气，而在真实条件句中，仍然用陈述语气。
温馨提示：初中阶段我们只掌握与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
句式结构。
|
虚拟情况 |
从句 |
主句 |
|
与现在事实相反 |
If+主语+动词过去式
（be动词用were） |
主语+would (should,
could, might)+动词原型 |
例句：If I were rich, I would give the money to charities.
If he worked hard, he might pass big exam.
单元重点知识讲解：
1. million n “百万”与thousand, hundred一样，前面有具体的数词时，
其后不能加-s，也不与of连用, millions of … 表示不具体的数字。
four thousand children thousands of
two million dollars some millions of people
three hundred people hundreds of
2. He doesn’t know if he should bring a present
他不知道他是否应该带个礼物。
if 引导的宾语从句，“是否”与whether 可互换。
以下情况下，只能用whether不能用if.
①在动词不定式前
I can’t decide whether to stay here 我不能决定是否留在这儿
②在whether … or not 的固定搭配中
I want to know whether it’s good or not. 我想知道这是好是坏。
③在介词之后
His mother worries about whether he will lose his job.
他母亲担心他是否会失去工作。
3. What if everyone else brings a present?
如果其他的每个人都带礼物怎么办？
What if …? = What shall we / I do if …? “如果…怎么办”？
What if there were no water on the earth?
4.What are you like? 你像什么样（性格）
What does he look like? 他长什么样（外貌）
I’m outgoing and energetic.
He has a medium build.
5. plenty of “很多的、足够的”，修饰可数或不可数名词，相当于
a lot of 或lots of，一般用在肯定句中，否定句中常用 many和much，
not many∣much 不多。
6. You like talking to one or two people rather than to a group.
你喜欢与一、两个人交谈，而不是一群人。
rather than “而不是；与其…宁愿…”，用于连接两个并列的成份，
包括名词，代词，动词，介词短语甚至句子。 rather than 相当于
instead of ,但instead of 后面只能接名词，代词或动名词。
7.You would also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to
a party. 你也会宁愿呆在家里看一本好书，也不愿去参加聚会。
Would rather A than B.
A与B必须是动词原形，且结构一致。
Would A rather than B
例句：1. I prefer to stay at home rather than hang out on the street on weekends.
2. He prefers gong fishing to talking with friends.
Prefer to A rather than B. “宁愿做A而不做B”。
Prefer A to B A与B必须是名词
It’s cold, I would rather lie in bed than take a walk outside.
8. hurt get/be hurt ①“使受伤”既可以指身体上受到伤害，也可指感情上受到伤害Did you hurt yourself? 你伤着你自己了吗？
②身体的某个部位“疼痛”。 My leg often hurts
9. offer, “提供”，常用offer sb sth∣offer sth to sb. “为…提供…”
They offered us hot water.
Offer to do sth “提出做某事”
10. refuse “拒绝；回绝” refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
Refuse sb sth 拒绝某人某物
refuse 不能用于refuse sb to do sth 结构。
单元重点短语
1. put the money in the bank 把钱存在银行
2. medical research 医学研究
3. wear a shirt and tie 穿衬衫打领带 4.everyone else 别人
5. get pimples 长疹子 6. have /make / give a speech 演讲
7.without permission 未经许可 8. next time 下一次
9. wait for sb to do sth 等待某人做某事
10.introduce sb to sb 把介绍给…
introduce oneself 自我介绍
11.invite sb to do 邀请某人
Thanks for your invitation
12.would rather do … than do 宁愿…而不多愿…
13. the rest of … 其余的 14. come out 出版
15. fall downstairs 摔下楼 16. come up with 提出、想出
17. let … down 使…失望或沮丧
18. not … in the slightest一点也不、根本不
not … at all
19. plenty of 很多的、足够的
20.get along with 与…相处
21. offer sb sth offer sth to sb 为…提供
offer to do sth 提出做某事
22.refuse to do sth 拒绝做…
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